The Essential Guide to Understanding Type 2 Diabetes

Type 2 Diabetes happens when the body does not use insulin properly, also known as insulin resistance. Unlike type 1 diabetes, where the body does not produce insulin, type 2 occurs when the body becomes insulin resistant or does not produce enough. Health professionals have seen an increase in type 2 diabetes among children, teens, and young adults. Type 2 diabetes can be prevented and delayed with healthy lifestyle changes.  

In this blog, we will explore what type 2 diabetes is, the associated risk factors, its symptoms, and most importantly, how to manage and prevent the disease. 

What is Type 2 Diabetes?  

Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes. It is a metabolic condition that affects how your body uses sugar for energy. In type 2 diabetes, the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, which is a hormone that controls the movement of sugar into the body's cells. Additionally, the body's cells become less effective at taking in sugar and respond poorly to insulin. 

Risk Factors 

Risk factors contribute to Type 2 diabetes, but lifestyle changes can delay them. 

You are at risk for type 2 diabetes if you:  

• Have prediabetes. 

• Are overweight. 

• Are 45 or older. 

• Have a parent, brother, or sister with type 2 diabetes. 

• Are physically active less than 3 times a week. 

• Have ever had gestational diabetes (diabetes during pregnancy) or given birth to a baby who weighed 9 pounds or more. 

• Are African American, Hispanic or Latino, American Indian, or Alaska Native person, some Pacific Islander people and Asian American people are also at higher risk. 

• If you have non-alcoholic fatty liver. You may also be at risk for type 2 diabetes. 

Symptoms  

Some individuals may show no symptoms. However, if you experience any of the following symptoms of diabetes, consult your doctor about getting your blood sugar tested. 

• Increased urination 

• Waking at night to urinate 

• Increased thirst 

• Feeling tired 

• Weakness 

• Increased appetite and hunger 

• Recent unintentional weight loss 

• Blurred vision 

• Numbness or tingling sensation in hands and/or feet 

• Frequent infections wounds (such as foot ulcers) that heal slowly 

Manage and Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes  

While there is no cure for diabetes, adopting a healthier lifestyle can help delay the onset of the condition. For those living with diabetes, effective management is possible through the use of medications, regular monitoring of blood glucose levels, and maintaining healthy habits. Here are some tips for managing and delaying type 2 diabetes. 

• Healthy Eating - Adopting healthier eating habits can help lower your blood sugar levels. 

• Staying active - Participating in activities such as walking, playing sports, and going to the gym can help you maintain your health. 

• Medications - Certain medications can help lower your blood sugar levels.  

• Blood Sugar Monitoring - Consistent monitoring is crucial for understanding how your body reacts to your diet, physical activity, and medications. 

• Maintaining a healthy weight - Keeping a healthy weight can greatly reduce your risk of developing type 2 diabetes. 

Type 2 diabetes is a serious condition, but it can be effectively managed with the right approach. By maintaining a healthy diet, staying active, and adhering to prescribed medication, you can control and manage your diabetes. Early diagnosis, regular blood sugar monitoring, and making lifestyle changes are crucial for managing the condition and preventing complications. If you or a loved one is at risk for type 2 diabetes, taking proactive steps now can help reduce your risk and promote a healthier future. 

Let's work together to make Jemez a healthier place to live. 

For more information on this topic please feel free to reach out to Jemez Public Health at (575) 834-7207 or reach out to the Jemez Health Clinic at (575) 834-7413.